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May 15, 2013 - No. 61

65th Anniversary of Al-Nakba

All Out to Support the Palestinian Resistance to Occupation! Affirm the Right of Return!

65th Anniversary of Al-Nakba
All Out to Support the Palestinian Resistance to Occupation! Affirm the Right of Return!
Indomitable Spirit of Palestinian Resistance Marks Al-Nakba Commemorations
Special Statistical Bulletin on the 65th Anniversary of the Palestinian Nakba - Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
The Right of Return
Calendar of Events


65th Anniversary of Al-Nakba

All Out to Support the Palestinian Resistance to Occupation! Affirm the Right of Return!

May 15, 2013 marks the 65th anniversary of Al-Nakba -- the Catastrophe -- commemorated by Palestinians and their supporters around the world. In 1948, Zionist terrorist bands trained, equipped and supported by the British mandate authorities began staging attacks against Palestinian civilians. Occupying a number of Palestinian towns and villages, the Zionists committed massacres against the Palestinian people and expelled them from their homes. On May 14, 1948 the state of Israel declared its independence and the Palestinian people today mark May 15 as Al-Nakba. The Nakba resulted in the immediate dispossession of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians of their ancestral land. Another 350,000 were dispossessed in 1967 following the Six-Day War during which Israel occupied the Gaza Strip, West Bank, Sinai Peninsula and Golan Heights.

This year, as Israel continues to show its criminal designs to extinguish the Palestinian people as a people, commemorative events are taking place throughout Palestine and around the world to mark the 65th anniversary of Al-Nakba. Within Israel, those who stand for justice have valiantly held commemorations despite a law forbidding the day of mourning. These actions convey the justness of the demands to end the occupation and that the right of return for Palestinian refugees and their descendants be affirmed. In the artwork and actions to mark the event, keys -- both symbolic and actual -- figure prominently. These are the house keys which the Palestinians took with them when they were forced to leave their homes. Carried by both young and old at the actions to mark this anniversary, the keys represent the right of return and the indomitable spirit of the Palestinian people to reclaim their homeland from which they were forcefully expelled 65 years ago.

TML calls on Canadians to go all out to support the Palestinian people's just cause and oppose the Harper government's support for the crimes committed against them. It must not pass!


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Indomitable Spirit of Palestinian Resistance Marks Al-Nakba Commemorations

West Bank



Palestinians march through the streets of Bethlehem to commemorate the Nakba, May 14, 2013.

West Bank cities witnessed major processions to mark the occasion, while several streets in Hebron were given new names.

A major celebration was organized in Beir Zeit University, near Ramallah, where black flags signifying the right of return for refugees were installed around the campus.

Families of Palestinian prisoners held in Israeli jails and hundreds of activists demonstrated in front of the UN headquarters in Ramallah. Representatives prisoners' families handed the General Commissioner a letter signed by thousands of Palestinians urging the international community to pressure Israel to release the prisoners.


Ramallah, May 15, 2013


Palestinian activists confront Israeli soldiers blocking their march toward the Green Line
near the village of Husan,
May 14, 2013.


Nablus, May 14, 2013


Hebron, May 15, 2013

Gaza City



May 14, 2013

Tel Aviv

For the second year, Palestinian and Jewish activists joined together to organize an event to commemorate the Nakba at Tel Aviv University. Hundreds of Arab and Jewish students gathered at the entrance to the university. The ceremony opened with a moment of silence, while a right wing Zionist group attempted to disrupt the proceedings by holding a demonstration against the commemoration.

In his opening remarks, Sa'ar Szekely, a Jewish student, cited a large-scale Palestinian study, saying that as a result of the 1948 war, 530 Palestinian villages were destroyed and 750,000 people were displaced.


At an event commemorating the Nakba organized by Palestinian and Israeli students at Tel Aviv University,
May 13, 2013,
a Palestinian student tells the story of her family, who were forced out of their village in 1948.
At right, a minute of silence is observed.

The event included poetry readings, including works by the Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish. A refugee from Tantura -- a Palestinian village destroyed by a Zionist militia in May 1948 -- recounted his story to the audience. The audience also heard testimony from six students, daughters of displaced families. Ruba Salem, a 21-year-old social work student, said that "on July 7, 1948, the head of my family's village ordered all residents to leave for two weeks and to return upon the end of the fighting. But the Israeli army destroyed all of the houses, except two churches and a mosque," and access to the village was denied.

"To this very day, we cannot enter the village, not even to visit the old cemetery where our loved ones were buried," Salem said.

The united action by Palestinian and Israeli students is notable because of the pressure within Israeli society to not discuss the Nakba. Israeli schoolbooks only refer to Israel establishing itself as a state in 1948, while the brutal dispossession and crimes against the Palestinian people are totally whitewashed. The desperation of the Zionists to blackmail people into accepting their distortions of history and denial of the Nakba is such that in 2011 the Knesset passed the Nakba Law which imposed fines on any organization or body which "marks Israel Independence Day or the day of the establishment of the state as a day of mourning."

Montreal



In Montreal, about 200 people gathered near Concordia University to commemorate the Nakba and affirm the Palestinian people's right to be and the right of return for all those forced to leave their homeland by Zionist terrorists, a right which also belongs to their descendants.

The demonstration marched on Ste-Catherine Street through downtown Montreal, with participants bearing 65 coffins -- one for each year of the Nakba -- while slogans and music celebrated the Palestinian resistance. The dirty role of the Harper government as an ardent supporter of the Zionist terror was unequivocally denounced, including the recent meeting of Foreign Affairs Minister John Baird with Israeli Justice Minister Tzipi Livni in Jerusalem, a city annexed and occupied by Israel since 1967. The march stopped at the Indigo-Chapters bookstore, to highlight the fact that the owners of the chain provide significant support to the Israeli army through their Hesig Foundation. The foundation provides financial aid for non-Israelis who enlist in the Israeli army, and thus contributes to the oppression of the Palestinian people.

This year's Nakba commemoration in Montreal was held on Mother's Day to celebrate the heroic resistance of Palestinian mothers to the Zionist oppressor and its supporters. Palestinian mothers ensure the well-being of the younger generation despite the occupation's terrible conditions, including the creation of clandestine schools that teach the history of the Palestinian people's struggle to affirm their right to be, the speakers said.

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Special Statistical Bulletin on the 65th Anniversary of the Palestinian Nakba

The Nakba: Ethnic Cleansing and Displacement of the Population


Poster showing the ongoing displacement of Palestinians. Click to enlarge. (Visualizing Palestine)

Nakba in literary terms means a natural catastrophe such as an earthquake, volcano, or hurricane. However, the Nakba in Palestine describes a process of ethnic cleansing in which an unarmed nation has been destroyed and its population displaced to be replaced systematically by another nation. Unlike a natural catastrophe, the Palestinian Nakba was the result of a man-made military plan with the agreement of other states, leading to a major tragedy for the Palestinian people. The subsequent occupation of the remaining land of Palestine in 1967 resulted in additional tragedy.

In 1948, 1.4 million Palestinians lived in 1,300 Palestinian towns and villages. More than 800,000 of the population were driven out of their homeland to the West Bank and Gaza Strip, neighboring Arab countries, and other countries of the world. Thousands of Palestinians were displaced from their homes but stayed within the Israeli-controlled 1948 territory. According to documentary evidence, the Israelis controlled 774 towns and villages and destroyed 531 Palestinian towns and villages during the Nakba. The atrocities of Israeli forces also included more than 70 massacres in which 15,000 Palestinians were killed.

Demographic Reality:
Palestinian Population Has Increased 8-Fold Since the Nakba

The Palestinian population was 1.37 million in 1948, but by the end of 2012 the estimated world population of Palestinians totaled 11.6 million. This indicates that the number of Palestinians worldwide has multiplied eight-fold in the 65 years since the Nakba. According to statistics, the total number of Palestinians living in historic Palestine (between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean) by the end of 2012 was 5.8 million and this number is expected to rise to 7.2 million by the end of 2020, based on current growth rates.

Statistical data also show that refugees constitute 44.2% of the total Palestinian population in Palestine. UN Relief Works Agency (UNRWA) records showed that there were 5.3 million Palestinian refugees registered in mid-2013, constituting 45.7% of the total Palestinian population worldwide. They were distributed as 59.0% living in Jordan, Syria and Lebanon, 17.0% in the West Bank, and 24.0% in Gaza Strip. About 29.0% of Palestinian registered refugees live in 58 refugee camps, of which 10 are in Jordan, nine in Syria, 12 in Lebanon, 19 in the West Bank, and eight in Gaza Strip.

These estimates represent the minimum number of Palestinian refugees, given the presence of non-registered refugees. These estimates also do not include Palestinians who were displaced between 1949 and the 1967 war, according to the UNRWA definition, and do not include the non-refugees who left or were forced to leave as a result of the war in 1967. The number of Palestinians who remained in their homeland in the 1948 territory after the Nakba was estimated at 154,000 persons, now estimated as 1.4 million on the 65th anniversary of the Nakba. In the 1948 territories, the sex ratio is 102.0 males per 100 females, 36.5% of the population are below 15 years of age and 4.1% are aged 65 years and over, based on available statistics relating to Palestinians living in Israel in 2011. This illustrates that the composition of Palestinians in the 1948 territory is young, as it is in Palestinian society as a whole.

The number of the Palestinians in Palestine was estimated at 4.4 million at the end of 2012: 2.7 million in the West Bank and 1.7 million in Gaza Strip. The number of Palestinians in the Jerusalem governorate at the end of 2012 was around 400,000, of whom 62.1% live in the areas of Jerusalem annexed by force by Israel in 1967 (J1). The fertility rate in Palestine is high compared to other countries. The total fertility rate in the period 2008-2009 was 4.4 births (4.0 births in the West Bank and 5.2 births in Gaza Strip).

Population Density:
Gaza Strip the Most Crowded Place in the World

The population density in Palestine at the end of 2012 was 724 individuals per square kilometer (km2): 475 individuals/km2 in the West Bank and 4,583 individuals/km2 in Gaza Strip. In Israel, the population density of Arabs and Jews in 2012 was 369 individuals per km2.

Settlements: Most Settlers in Jerusalem as
Part of Israeli Judaization Campaign

There were 482 Israeli settlements and military bases in the West Bank at the end of 2012 and Jewish settlers numbered around 537,000 at the end of 2011. Most settlements are located in Jerusalem governorate. According to data, about 49.8% of settlers live in Jerusalem governorate, of whom 200,000 live in Jerusalem (J1). The ratio of Palestinians to settlers in the West Bank is 21 settlers per 100 Palestinians compared to 68 settlers per 100 Palestinians in Jerusalem governorate.

The Expansion and Annexation Wall Absorbed
About 12% of West Bank Land


2005 map of the Annexation Wall in the West Bank and related statistics. Click to enlarge.

Based on data from ARIJ Research Institute, the Expansion and Annexation Wall runs for a total length of about 780 kilometers, of which 61% has been completed. The route of the Wall isolated 680 km2 of Palestinian land between the Wall and the Green Line [which separates the West Bank from Israel -- TML Ed. Note], comprising approximately 12.0% of the West Bank. This land comprised about 454 km2 of agricultural and pasture land and open areas, 117 km2 were confiscated for Israeli settlements and military bases, 89 km2 were forest and 20 km2 were Palestinian built-up land. The Wall isolated 37 localities and affected over 300,000 people, particularly communities in Jerusalem where 24 of the localities affected are home to a quarter of a million people. More than 50,000 Palestinians holding a Jerusalem ID have been deprived of the right to reside in Jerusalem. Moreover, the Wall besieges 173 localities with a population of more than 850,000 inhabitants, including the city of Qalqilya.

Historical Palestine: Israel Controls More than 85% of Its Land

At the end of 2012, there were 11.8 million people living in the historical land of Palestine with a land area of 27,000 km2. Jews constitute around 51% of the total population and utilize more than 85% of the total area of land. Arabs comprise 49% of the total population and utilize less than 15% of the land. A Palestinian therefore has less than a quarter of the area available to an Israeli.

Water: Realities and Challenges

Israel controls the majority of renewable water resources totaling 750 MCM, while Palestinians receive only about 110 MCM.

According to Oslo Agreement II, the Palestinian share of the three ground water aquifers should be 118 MCM; this quantity was supposed to increase to 200 MCM by 2000.

Israel also restricts access to water resources and imposes obstacles on the drilling of new water wells, especially for Area C that constitutes 60% of the West Bank.

Martyrs: Continuous Efforts to Build a State

The number of martyrs killed in the Al Aqsa Intifada between September 29th, 2000 and December 31st, 2012 was 7,766, up from 7,235 at the end of 2009. Of these, 2,183 were from the West Bank (2,059 males and 124 females) and 5,015 were from Gaza Strip (4,601 males and 414 females). The remaining martyrs were from the 1948 territories and outside Palestine. The bloodiest year was 2009 with 1,219 Palestinian martyrs, followed by 2002 with 1,192 martyrs. In addition, 306 martyrs were killed during 2012, 15 from the West Bank and 291 from Gaza Strip, of whom 189 were killed during Israeli attacks on Gaza Strip in November 2012.

Detainees

According to data from the Ministry of Detainees, around 800,000 people have been in Israeli detention since 1967. Of these, around 12,000 were women, plus many children, some of whom were detained several times. At present, around 4,900 detainees are detained in Israeli prisons, including 14 women and 235 children, who represent 4.8% of all detainees. There are 77 detainees who have spent more than 20 years in Israeli jails and 25 detainees who have spent more than 25 years. During the Al Aqsa Intifada, Israel detained more than 78,000 detainees, of whom 9,000 were children, 950 were women (four of them were pregnant and gave birth in prison) and many were members of the Palestinian Legislative Council and former ministers.



Click to enlarge. (ADDAMEER)

Health

Statistics for 2011 showed that the number of physicians per 1,000 of population registered in the Physicians' Union in the West Bank was 1.3 compared to 2.3 in Gaza Strip. In addition, there were 2.0 nurses per 1,000 of population in the West Bank compared to 4.1 nurses per 1,000 of population in Gaza Strip. There were 81 hospitals in the Palestinian Territory in 2011: 51 hospitals in the West Bank and 30 in Gaza Strip. These were distributed as 25 governmental hospitals, 32 non-governmental, 20 private, three hospitals run by military institutions, and one run by UNRWA. There were 5,414 hospital beds: 1.3 beds per 1,000 of population and allocated as 3,163 beds in the West Bank and 2,251 in Gaza Strip. There were 601 primary health care centers in the West Bank in 2011 and 147 centers in Gaza Strip.

Agriculture

The main results covered all agricultural holdings enumerated in Palestine in the 2010/2011 agricultural year. There were around 105,000 agricultural holdings in Palestine, comprising around 72,000 plant holdings or 68.2% of all holdings in Palestine; 23,000 mixed holdings or 21.8% of holdings, plus 10,000 animal holdings or 10.0% of all holdings.

There were around 40,000 cows, 732,000 sheep, and 240,000 goats in Palestine on 1 October 2011.

The total cultivated area in Palestine in the 2010/2011 agricultural year was more than one million dunums [1 dunum = 1,000 m2 -- TML Ed. Note]. By type of crop, horticultural land made up around 660,000 dunums comprising 63.8% of all cultivated land, 130,000 dunums of vegetables comprising 12.5% of all cultivated land, plus 245,000 dunums of field crops comprising 23.7% of all cultivated land in Palestine.

Housing: 46% of Palestinian Housing Units Are at Risk of Demolition

In accordance with Israeli policy of dividing Palestinian land, Palestinians can only build on 13% of East Jerusalem and only on one percent of Area C; more than 94% of the construction requests made by Palestinians in past years have been rejected. According to United Nations estimates, 28% to 46% of Palestinian housing units are at risk of demolition.

The average number of persons per room in housing units in refugee camps was 1.6 in 2012, while 34.6% of households in refugee camps in Palestine lived in housing density of two or more persons per room: 29.2% in West Bank camps and 42.3% in Gaza Strip. The average area of housing units in the camps in Palestine was 119.6 m2: about 120.4 m2 in Gaza Strip camps and 119.1 m2 in West Bank camps.

Labor Market 2012

The labor force participation rate in Palestine in 2012 was 43.6%: 42.1% among refugees and 44.6% among non-refugees. The participation rate in the West Bank was 45.5% (45.1% among refugees and 45.7% among non-refugees) compared to 40.1% in Gaza Strip (39.9% among refugees and 40.6% among non-refugees). The unemployment rate in Palestine was 23.0% (27.9% among refugees and 19.8% among non-refugees). The unemployment rate in the West Bank was 19.0% (22.6% among refugees and 17.7% among non-refugees) compared to 31.0% in Gaza Strip (32.1% among refugees and 28.8% among non-refugees).

Education

According to the primary results of the Education Survey for the 2012/2013 scholastic year, there were 2,751 schools in Palestine: 2,058 in the West Bank and 693 in Gaza Strip. These were distributed by supervisory authority as follows: 2,037 governmental schools, 344 UNRWA schools and 370 private schools. The total number of students in these schools exceeded 1.1 million, of whom 570,000 were male and 576,000 female. There were 769,000 students enrolled in governmental schools, 277,000 enrolled in UNRWA schools and 100,000 enrolled in private schools.

The illiteracy rate among Palestinians aged 15 years and above was 4.1% in 2012, distributed as 1.8% of males and 6.4% of females. In the field of higher education, there were 14 universities and 15 university colleges offering programs leading to a bachelor degree: five universities and five university colleges in Gaza Strip and nine universities and 10 university colleges in the West Bank. There were 20 intermediate community colleges: 15 in the West Bank and five in Gaza Strip.

Macroeconomics: Consumer Price Index During 2012

The Palestinian Consumer Price Index increased by 2.78% in 2012 compared with 2011: by 4.08% in the West Bank, 3.23% in Jerusalem (J1) and 0.48% in Gaza Strip. In comparison with the base year of 2004, the Consumer Price Index in Palestine had increased by 36.40%: by 36.51% in the West Bank, 38.40% in Jerusalem (J1), and 33.19% in Gaza Strip.

Trade: Limited Palestinian Exports

Both imports and exports of goods increased in 2011 compared to 2010. In 2011, the value of imported goods totaled USD 4.2 billion, and increased by 6.6% compared to 2010. The total value of exports was USD 720 million and increased by 25.0% compared to 2010. As a result, the net trade balance on goods recorded a deficit of USD 3.5 billion in 2011 and was 3.5% higher than in 2010.

The results indicated that 87.5% of exports were exported to Israel, while only 12.5% of total exports were exported to other countries excluding Israel. The limited value of exports to other countries was due to Israeli restrictions on Palestinian exports, especially from Gaza Strip.

Information Society

In 2012, 51.4% of households in Palestine had a computer: 55.2% in the West Bank and 44.2% in Gaza Strip. An Internet connection was available in 32.1% of households in Palestine in 2012: 34.3% in the West Bank and 27.9% in Gaza Strip. The percentage of households with a satellite dish in Palestine was 95.0%: 96.6% in the West Bank and 92.1% in Gaza Strip in 2012, compared with 92.0% in 2009. The results also indicated that 40.0% of households in Palestine had a fixed telephone line: 42.7% in the West Bank and 34.8% in Gaza Strip. Meanwhile, 95.7% of households in Palestine owned a mobile phone in 2012: 96.2% in the West Bank and 94.7% in Gaza Strip.

Tourism

In Palestine, tourism is the sector most affected by the Israeli occupation since Israeli companies and tourist offices hold a monopoly over groups and Christian pilgrims to the Church of the Nativity and other historical and religious sites.

According to data from the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism, the number of Christian pilgrims in 2012 to the Church of the Nativity alone totaled 1.3 million visitors. These visitors entered via Israeli crossings and borders and were accompanied by Israeli companies and tourist services, thus depriving the Palestinian economy of returns from tourism. Data from the Israeli Ministry of Tourism show that there were around 3.5 million visitors to Israel at the end of 2012, worth more than USD 4.6 billion to the Israeli economy.

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The Right of Return

Zochrot ("Remembering") -- a group of Israeli citizens -- works to make the history of the Nakba accessible to the Israeli public "so as to engage Jews and Palestinians in an open recounting of our painful common history." It explains the importance of the right of return: "The Nakba is the story of the Palestinian tragedy: the destruction of communities, civilization, culture and identity, the expulsion and the killing that took place in 1948. It is a story that constitutes the past and present of the Palestinian people and shapes a large part of Palestinian identity. Yet in many respects the Nakba is also the story of Jews who live in Israel. A story that is not easy to cope with, a story that raises difficult questions about the possibilities of life together in the space that is today the state of Israel.

"It is almost impossible to speak about the Nakba without speaking about taking responsibility and repairing the historical injustice that was committed against the Palestinian people. Such repair must begin first and foremost with the recognition of the right of Palestinians to return.

"What is the right of return? The right of return is the personal right of every refugee who was expelled from the country, and their descendants, to return to their place of origin, based on international law and UN Resolution 194 passed on December 11, 1948. It is also the collective right of whole communities to return and live as a community, as a group, to carry out a social framework in shared spaces such as cultural centers, religious places, schools, recreational areas. The right of return is an individual and collective right.

"Who is considered a refugee? A question that frequently arises is: how many generations of descendants will be considered candidates for return? The most moral and logical answer is that the refugees will cease to be refugees when they are given the opportunity to choose whether or not to return. The right of return does not mean only physical return, but the option to make an unhindered choice -- the ability to choose that makes a person free.

"What about Jews in Israel? Acknowledgment and implementation of the right of return will not only begin the task of correcting the historical injustice committed against the Palestinian people, but may also usher in a new beginning for Jews in the country. The right of return can open up an opportunity for Jews to encounter the country in a new way, no longer as occupiers, but as equals. An injustice cannot be corrected by another injustice, and the right of return, like any other right, must be implemented with care to ensure that other rights are protected. [...]

"The Zionist collective memory exists in both our cultural and physical landscape, yet the heavy price paid by the Palestinians -- in lives, in the destruction of hundreds of villages, and in the continuing plight of the Palestinian refugees -- receives little public recognition.

"We hope that by bringing the Nakba into Hebrew, the language spoken by the Jewish majority in Israel, we can make a qualitative change in the political discourse of this region. Acknowledging the past is the first step in taking responsibility for its consequences. This must include equal rights for all the peoples of this land, including the right of Palestinians to return to their homes."

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Calendar of Events



Ottawa
Vigil: Remembering the Nakba
Wednesday, May 15 -- 6:00-8:00 pm
Human Rights Monument, Elgin and Lisgar

Demonstration
Saturday, May 18 -- 2:00-4:00 pm
Parliament Hill

Lunch Hour Leafleting
May 16-22 -- 12:00 noon
Distribution of maps of Palestine on Parliament Hill.
Ottawa events organized by: Canadians for Justice and Peace in the Middle East
For information: 438-380-5410, www.cjpme.org


Click to enlarge.

Toronto
Film Screening: The Red Stone
Wednesday, May 15 — 7:00-9:00 pm
Beit Zatoun, 612 Markham St.
50 min., Arabic with subtitles; doors open at 6:50 pm
For information: 647-726-9500

To commemorate the 65th anniversary of Al Nakba, the Toronto Palestine Film Festival is hosting a screening of Ahmad Damen's film, The Red Stone.

Taking its title from the characteristic red stone with which many of Jerusalem's historic buildings are built, Ahmad Damen's investigative documentary focuses on Palestinian areas of west Jerusalem that were occupied and depopulated of Palestinians in 1948.

While tracking the architectural and family histories of these splendid properties, Red Stone introduces the buildings' current occupants, the Israeli real estate companies trading in their "exotic" appearances, and the original owners many of whom are now barred from their homes.


London
Where Peace Lives: Discovering Peace in the Middle East
Saturday, May 18 -- 6:30-8:30 pm
Conron Hall, University College, Western University
$10 admission, proceeds to Christian Peacemaker Teams
For tickets: 519-685-0609, 519-630-3202, 519-685-9904
Sponsored by: Institute for Middle East Studies Canada, Western School of Humanities,
Canadian Palestinian Social Association, Solidarity for Palestinian Human Rights


Click to enlarge.

Edmonton
Commemorating Nakba Cultural Event and Dinner
Saturday, May 18 -- 6:00 pm
Palace Banquets & Conference Facility, 3223 Parsons Road (99 Street), (Click here for map)
Help spread the word! Invite your friends to the Facebook event.
Organized by: Canada Palestine Cultural Association

Featuring live Palestinian folk music by Al Salam Band. Tickets for the dinner and cultural show are $35 for adults, $25 for children (14 and under). For more information and tickets, contact: Alaa: 780-721-7875; Hani: 780-904-8007; Mousa: 780-974-3021. 

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